Italy

Italy is another European region in which political unity is a recent development. Although there has been an Italian Kingdom since the end of trhe Dark Ages, fragmentation and local autonomy have been general throughout the region until the 19th century. What follows is a survey of what can be said of the entire region taken as a whole. That is followed by an index to separate pages having information on autonomous districts within localized regions.

NORTHERN ITALY Contains Aquileia, Asti, Bergamo, Bozzolo, Brescia, Carniola (with Friuli and Istria), Carpi, Colorno, Corsica, Cremona, Dezana, Elba, Etruscan states, Fidenza, Finale Borgo, Fosdinovo, Genoa, Guastalla, Ivrea, Lodi, Lucca, Mantua, Massa-Carrara, Messerano, Milan, Modena, Montferrat, Novara, Novellara, Ossola, Padua, Parma, Pavia, Perusna, Piacenza, Piedmont, Piombino, Pisa, Reggio nell'Emilia, Sabbioneta, Savona, Savoy, Siena, Treviso, Turin, Tuscany, Venice, Verona, Vescovato, and Vicenza.

ROMAN STATES Contains Ancona, Ariccia, Bologna, Camerino, Cesena, Faenza, Ferrara, Forli, Imola, the Marsi, Matelica, the Papacy, Perugia, Pesaro, Ponte Corvo, the Pontifex Maximus, Ravenna, Rimini, Rome and the Papal States, San Marino, San Severino, Spoleto, Tusculum, Urbino, and Viterbo.

SOUTHERN ITALY Agrigento, Amalfi, Apulia, Arborea, Aversa, Barbagia, Bari, Benevento, Cagliari, Capua, Catania, Crotone, Enna, Gaeta, Gallura, Gela, Gozo, Lentini, Malta, Melfi, Messina, Naples, Palermo, Reggio de Calabria, Salerno, the Samnites, Sardinia (general survey), Sassari, Segesta, Sicily (general survey), Sybaris, Syracuse, Taranto, and Torres.



ITALY In the North, a new Teutonic people, the Lombards, established a Kingdom. Lombard Duchies also appeared in the South as well. Byzantine rule quickly became restricted to the islands, Latium, Romagna, and Ravenna. Here follows the Lombard succession, and its inheritors after 751.
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